Air cooling: The principle of this method is to use the heat sink on the motor housing to dissipate heat by increasing the contact area with the air. When the car is running, airflow through the motor housing can remove excess heat. The cost of the air-cooling system is low, but the heat dissipation effect is relatively weak, and the heating effect cannot be achieved when the battery pack temperature is low.
Water Cooling: Water cooling systems dissipate heat by circulating coolant through a water jacket inside the motor. This method has good heat dissipation effect and can form a temperature control system, which can also achieve a heating effect when the battery pack temperature is low. The working principle of the water cooling system is similar to the cooling system of a general internal combustion engine vehicle, and both include components such as a water tank and an electronic fan.
For water cooling systems, components include:
Water tank radiator: its main function is to cool the coolant entering the chip. It is divided into copper water tank and aluminum water tank. From the internal structure, it is divided into plate-fin type, tube-belt type, tube-piece type, etc.
Electronic fans: used for heat dissipation. Different cooling systems may require different numbers of electronic fans.
Electronic control system: including fan controllers, wiring harnesses, sensors, displays, etc., used to intelligently control the heat dissipation of new energy vehicles.
Electric water pump: Provides power for coolant circulation and is an indispensable component in the water cooling system.
In addition, there are some auxiliary measures that can improve the cooling effect, such as planning the route in advance, controlling the speed appropriately, rationally using the power mode, regularly checking the motor cooling system, properly installing the motor radiator, and avoiding long-term emergency stops and starts, etc. These measures help reduce the load on the motor, reduce the risk of overheating, ensure stable operation and extend the service life of electric vehicles.
